Objects and classes

Objects:
An object generally means a 'thing' that is capable of representing any sense. Objects show some certain behavior to their environment.
For example, consider a cricket ball,
A cricket ball is with a visible boundary.
There is a specific purpose of using the cricket ball, such as bouncing.
We can perform actions directly to the cricket ball by hitting it using the bat.
But when we see on the account of software development, the definition of object requires much more refined definition, because in an organization there is no visible boundary like a ball, or it possesses a physical boundary. Apart from all these it has a conceptual boundary that is specified purpose and one can direct actions toward it.
State, behavior and identity of an object:
An object has following characteristics:
• It has a state.
• It displays behavior.
• It has unique identity.

The state of an object is referred by a set of attributes and their values.
For example, a Chemical
State-temperature, color, and density, solid, liquid etc
Behavior-change of its attributes over a period of time
Identity- by name, stationary.
Some other points:
Two objects can have same behavior, and state, but never have same identity.
Identity does not change in its lifetime.
For example: two balls can have same color, made up of same material, same weight and circumference and same behavior. But will have unique identities based on their seal number.
Classes
When we look around we find many numbers of objects around us. Classes are the collection of these objects. For example, earth is the collection of millions of inhabitants which includes humans, animals, birds etc. a zoologist cannot make a study from these collections without organizing into any particular categories. Zoologists have classified animals into families and species. Here all animals and birds are objects. The attributes of the classes share common structural and behavioral similarities.

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